Which of the following is NOT an example of a social determinant of health?

• A. Genetic predisposition.
• B. Income level.
• C. Education opportunities.
• D. Access to safe housing.

Answer: (A)

The concept here is the difference between social determinants of health and biological factors. Social determinants are the conditions in which people live and work—things like income, education opportunities, and access to safe housing—that arise from how society is organized and resources are distributed. These factors shape health outcomes by influencing what people can afford, learn, and access, as well as the environments they inhabit.

Genetic predisposition is a biological factor determined by heredity. It affects disease risk independent of social conditions, though it can interact with the environment. Because it isn’t produced by social structures or policies, it isn’t considered a social determinant of health. The other options—income level, education opportunities, and access to safe housing—are classic examples of social determinants because they reflect societal conditions that influence health.